Abstract

Shreya H. Alva*, Shripathy D. and A. R. Shabaraya

ABSTRACT

Drug delivery is a comprehensive and distinct area of research that is gaining the interest of pharmaceutical researchers, physicians, and industry. In addition to having an impact on the development and efficacy of new therapeutic strategies like gene therapy, peptide and protein delivery, and anticancer drug delivery, a safe and targeted drug delivery has the potential to enhance the performance of some conventional medicines that are currently on the market. Recently, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of numerous types of pharmacological compounds have been altered and improved physically using particulate systems like nanoparticles. NPs are extremely small materials, ranging from 1 to 100 nm. Based on their characteristics, shapes, or sizes, they can be divided into many classes. Due to their large surface area and nanoscale size, NPs possess distinct physical and chemical characteristics. Because of their tiny size, nanoparticles exhibit improved properties such as high reactivity, strength, surface area, sensitivity, stability, etc. which have been developed in recent years for a wide variety of therapeutic applications. Nanoparticles are the most effective drug delivery system due to their high stability and controlled drug release. Consequently, drugs that are both hydrophilic and hydrophobic can be delivered via nanoparticles. Nanoparticles have been reducing the adverse effects and enhances the therapeutic efficacy of medications.