Abstract

*Dr. Pooja Kailas Thenge, Dr. Ankush Khedkar, Dr. Shrikant B. Darokar

ABSTRACT

Anthropometry is the systematic and quantitative study of the human body and its physical dimensions. Derived from the Latin terms anthropos (human) and metry (measurement), it involves the measurement of body size, shape, and composition, including skeletal, muscular, and adipose tissues. Initially introduced during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries for the identification of criminals, anthropometry has since evolved into an essential tool in diverse disciplines such as medicine, forensic science, space research, archaeology, industrial design, ergonomics, architecture, and apparel design. Anthropometric data are widely used to develop products and environments that accommodate human variability. Furthermore, changes in lifestyle, nutritional status, and the ethnic composition of populations continuously influence body dimensions, making the periodic revision of anthropometric standards essential. Ayurveda presents a unique and comprehensive approach to anthropometry through the concept of Pramana Sharir, wherein body measurements are determined using Swa-Angula Pramana (the individual's own finger breadth) and Anjali Pramana. Ancient Ayurvedic scholars advocated the use of Swa-Angula Pramana as an individualized and universally applicable method of body measurement, irrespective of age, sex, race, or geographical location. Although body dimensions vary during the growth period and stabilize after maturity, this personalized system provides a more accurate assessment than fixed standard measurements. Unlike modern anthropometry, which primarily focuses on physical measurements for scientific and industrial applications, Ayurvedic anthropometry extends its significance to clinical practice. The principles of Pramana Sharir aid in assessing an individual's constitutional status, health, disease prognosis, diagnosis, and even longevity. Therefore, a comprehensive exploration of the ancient concept of Pramana Sharir and its applications in clinical, para-clinical, and surgical disciplines is essential to understand its relevance in contemporary Ayurvedic practice and research.