Abstract

Singh Bipin Mangla Prasad*, Manju Prajapati, Akhlesh Kumar Singhai

ABSTRACT

Background: Fever and inflammatory conditions are frequently treated using medicinal herbs. The current study sought to assess the phytochemical profile, antioxidant activity, and pharmacological effects of Guazuma ulmifolia, which has long been recognized for its medicinal potential. Goal: Examine the Guazuma ulmifolia methanolic extract's antipyretic and anti-arthritic properties. Materials and Methods: The Soxhlet method with methanol was used to extract the plant material that was gathered from Bhopal. Quantitative assessment of the total phenolic and flavonoid content as well as phytochemical screening were carried out. The DPPH test was used to assess antioxidant activity. The, acute oral toxicity was evaluated. Brewer's yeast-induced pyrexia in rats was used to study antipyretic efficacy, while an arthritis model generated by Freund's Complete Adjuvant (FCA) was used to assess anti-arthritic activity. Biochemical and haematological parameters were examined. Results: Alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, tannins, phenolics, and saponins were all included in the extract, which had a yield of 6.08%. The total flavonoid concentration was 50.55 mg/g RE, while the total phenolic content was 69.9 mg/g GAE. With an IC²? value of 44.13μg/ml, the extract demonstrated strong antioxidant activity. Yeast-induced pyrexia was shown to be reduced in vivo in a dose-dependent manner, with a maximal impact at 400 mg/kg. The extract dramatically decreased paw edema, enhanced hematological parameters (RBC, WBC, Hb), and lowered biochemical indicators (ALP, AST, ALT, CRP) in the FCA-induced arthritic model. The effects were similar to those of diclofenac at 400 mg/kg. Conclusion: The study confirms that Guazuma ulmifolia possesses significant antipyretic, anti-arthritic, and antioxidant activities, which may be attributed to its phenolic and flavonoid content. The plant shows potential as a natural therapeutic agent for the management of fever and inflammatory conditions.