Abstract

Sharma Shivani, Rupali*

ABSTRACT

Amavata, a chronic inflammatory disorder described in Ayurveda, closely parallels Rheumatoid Arthritis in its clinical presentation of joint pain, swelling, stiffness, and systemic features arising from the interaction of aggravated Vata Dosha and accumulated Ama. Traditional Ayurvedic management emphasizes Deepana, Pachana, Vata-shamana and Shothahara therapies, in which Bhasma preparations play a significant role. Bhasmas—calcined metallic and mineral formulations—possess unique physicochemical properties including Sukshma (nano-sized particles), Laghu, Deepana and Rasayana qualities that enhance their bioavailability, tissue penetration, and therapeutic efficacy. Contemporary analytical studies (TEM, SEM, XRD) confirm that Abhraka, Swarna, Lauha, Tamra, Naga and Vanga Bhasmas contain nanoparticles ranging from 10–100 nm, correlating with modern nanomedicine concepts. These nanoparticles exhibit anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, immunomodulatory and mitochondrial-enhancing actions, supporting their role in Amavata by promoting Ama-pachana, Agni-deepana, Vata-shamana, Srotoshodhana and tissue rejuvenation. This conceptual review integrates Ayurvedic principles with modern scientific findings to elucidate the pharmacodynamics, safety, and therapeutic rationale of Bhasma in Amavata, highlighting their potential as natural nanomedicines for effective management of inflammatory joint disorders.