Abstract

S. Poojitha*, K. Manimala, R. Anusha, Dr. G. Sandhya, Dr. CH. Sampath Kumar, Dr. K. Purnachander

ABSTRACT

Dermatophytosis also known as Ringworm continues to be one of the most widespread superficial fungal infections globally, involving skin, hair and nails and being caused primarily by dermatophytes of the genera Trichophyton, Microsporum and Epidermophyton. While once held to be readily curable, recent years have seen significant shifts in its epidemiology, clinical presentation and therapeutic responsiveness. This review integrates existing evidence on four main areas – Clinical presentations, Treatment patterns- reporting topical and systemic antifungal treatment strategies , Risk factors and Emerging antifungal resistance pointing to increasing evidence of reduced susceptibility and documented molecular mechanisms facilitating resistance. The review highlights the imperative need for increased diagnostic vigilance, current treatment guidelines, prevention-focused education on hygiene and monitoring of resistant strains of dermatophytes. By synthesizing the most current understanding, this article is intended to assist clinicians and public-health partners in combating the changing problem of dermatophytosis in the 21st century.