Abstract

Maged Alwan Noman, Mahmoud Mahyoob Alburyhi*, Abdalwali Ahmed Saif

ABSTRACT

Backgrounds: Hyperpigmentation, a common skin disorder, is often managed with chemical lightening agents that can cause adverse effects. This study explores a novel approach by formulating and evaluating a skin-whitening gel that combines botanical extracts (Licorice, Turmeric, Pomegranate peels, and Citrus reticulate Blanco peels) with synergistic chemical ingredients (salicylic acid, vitamin C, vitamins E, B3, and B5, tea tree oil, and glycerin) ensuring safety (non-irritancy), stability (pH/viscosity optimization), and efficacy (melanin reduction) through standardized extraction, formulation, and clinical evaluation. Methods Extraction: Ethanol maceration (75%, 7 days) followed by rotary evaporation for licorice, turmeric, pomegranate, and citrus peels. Evaluation: Physicochemical tests (pH, spreadability), phytochemical screening (alkaloids, flavonoids), and irritancy trials. Results Phytochemicals: Licorice (flavonoids), turmeric (curcuminoids), pomegranate (ellagic acid), citrus (vitamin C). Gel Properties: pH 5.6, viscosity, non-irritant, Results showed that the gels were non-irritant, stable and possess all skin problem activity. Clinical Evidence: Visual "before-after" images demonstrated reduced hyperpigmentation. Conclusion: The herbal-chemical Gel ADDS exhibits promising safety and efficacy, validated by physicochemical stability and clinical observations. It underscores the potential of ethnopharmacology in developing culturally aligned, sustainable dermatological solutions.