Abstract

Abisurya C.*, Dr. K. Rithika, Dr. S. Parthasarathi, S. Vignesh and M. Sugashini

ABSTRACT

CAR T-cell therapy represents a cutting-edge advancement in cancer immunotherapy, utilizing the body’s own T lymphocytes to combat malignancies. In this approach, T cells are extracted from the patient and genetically modified to express chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) that can recognize and bind to specific tumor-associated antigens.[1] Once reinfused into the patient, these modified T cells can identify and eliminate cancer cells.[1] This therapy has shown exceptional results, particularly in treating blood cancers such as B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and multiple myeloma, especially in cases resistant to conventional therapies.[2] However, CAR T-cell therapy is not without risks; adverse effects like cytokine release syndrome and neurotoxicity[3], along with limited success in solid tumors, pose significant challenges. Ongoing innovations in CAR structure, gene-editing strategies, and combinatory treatment approaches aim to enhance both safety and therapeutic potential4. This review explores the underlying principles, therapeutic indications, clinical achievements, associated risks, and prospects of CAR T-cell therapy in oncology.