Abstract

Dr. Neeraj Nagar, Dr. Ashat Ezan, Dr. Toshika Goma and Dr. Bhupendra Kuamr Mandawat*

ABSTRACT

Background: Over the last decades, Coagulase negative staphylococci (CoNS) have been accepted as major opportunistic pathogens of low virulence causing hospital-acquired infections (HAI). Predominantly cause infections in immune compromised patients or otherwise healthy individuals with breached skin and mucous barriers. Objectives: This study was conducted to isolate the CoNS in different clinical samples for detection of Biofilm formation by using three different screening methods and their AST pattern to know the pathogenicity and their drug resistant pattern in South-East Rajasthan. The ultimate goal of this study was to identify CoNS infection in early phase of disease and prevent future complications. Methodology: The present study was conducted in the central laboratory of Govt. Medical College, Kota from period of 1st January 2022 to 31th December 2022 to evaluate the Biofilm producing CoNS. 100 consecutive CoNS isolated from various clinical samples by the VITEK 2 system and conventional method were processed for the study and culture. AST of isolates was conducted using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method against a panel of 17 antibiotics by using CLSI guidelines. The biofilm forming ability of all isolates was determined by three phenotypic methods; Congo red agar (CRA) method, Tube adherence method (TA) and Tissue culture plate (TCP) method. Results: Out of 100 CoNS isolates, Male: female ratio for CoNS was 1.70: 1, Maximum prevalence of CoNS was in 41-60 years age group (38%). Out of 100 CoNS Staph. epidermidis (58%), Staph. saprophyticus (18%), Staph. hemolyticus (15%), and Staph. lugdunensis (7%) and Staph. capitis (2%) were isolated respectively. CoNS were most commonly isolated blood samples (32%). Highest number of biofilm producers 65% were detected by TCP method, while by TA method were 56% and by CRA method were 21%. Out of 65 biofilm producers, Staph. epidermidis was most common biofilm producer i.e. 38 (58.46%), followed by Staph. saprophyticus 12 (18.46%), Staph. hemolyticus 10 (15.39%), Staph. Lugdunensis 4 (6.15%) and Staph. capitis (1.54%) respectively. The highest antibiotic resistance rates for strongly adherent isolates were observed against ampicillin (95.38%) and erythromycin (78.46%), but the isolates showed no resistance to vancomycin (0.0%), linezolid (0.0%) and tigecycline (0.0%). Conclusion: The clinical significance of CoNS is increasing day by day in device related infections, urinary tract infections, endocarditis. Very soon CoNS may emerge as one of the leading Nosocomial pathogen. This study calls attention to the Biofilm producing CoNS infection detected in early phase of disease and prevents morbidity, mortality and future complications.