Abstract

Shruti Rai*, Dr. Jalpa Soni, Poonam Patel and Dr. I. S. Anand

ABSTRACT

In pregnancy, hypertension and gestational diabetes mellitus are major causes of various maternal and fetal complications. Pre-eclampsia (PE) is transient type of hypertensive disorder. It is a multi-system disorder which is presented as hypertension and involvement of other organ systems and/or the fetus. Mainly it includes raised BP and proteinuria as the first manifestation. Pre-eclampsia is the third leading cause of pregnancy related maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is pregnancy induced glucose tolerance which is first recognized during pregnancy usually develops between 24th to 28th gestational weeks, but might develop sooner or later. It is more common in women who are overweight, older and less active or have a family history of diabetes. Pre-eclampsia and gestational diabetes mellitus should be prevented before its onset, to limit the maternal and fetal complications and deaths. Patient counseling is a major tool to prevent pre-eclampsia and gestational diabetes mellitus. Many studies have shown that patient counseling helps in prevention of pre-eclampsia and gestational diabetes mellitus. Interventions can be done by counseling patients about lifestyle modifications, dietary changes and physical activity.