Abstract

Dr. Salla Surya Prakasa Rao, *Jakkilinki Venkata Srujan and Billa Susmitha

ABSTRACT

Patients with seizures are commonly encountered by the physicians in the emergency and even in outpatient departments. Our study aimed to know the most common age of onset and most common etiology and the most common types of seizures in adults with newly diagnosed seizures. Methodolgy: Our study was a cross sectional study. Patients aged more than 18 years, presenting with newly diagnosed seizures i.e. who have never had seizures in the past, fulfilling inclusion and exclusion criteria and those who were willing for the study were included. Analysis was done with detailed history, general physical and neurological examination. Further analysis with relevant laboratory investigations, Brain imaging and Electroencephalogram (EEG) was done. Etiology was determined based on data obtained from clinical, laboratory, Brain imaging and EEG. Results: Total number of patients studied was 93 with 44 female patients and 49 male patients. Maximum patients were found in the 41-50 years age group followed by 21-30 years. Most common age of onset was 41-50 years in males and 51-60 years in females. Most common etiology was Cerebrovascular accident (CVA) accounting for 47.31% of patients followed by Neuro infection in 23.65%. The most common CVA was Ischemic Stroke followed by cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVT), and the most common Neuro infection was Tubercular meningitis followed by viral meningoencephalitis. Other etiologies were Neurodegenerative diseases, space occupying lesions and hyperglycemia. No obvious etiology was found in 7 out of 93 patients. Conclusion: Majority of patients were males. Age of onset of new onset seizures was lower in males as compared females. Ischemic stroke was the common etiology in both males and females. Most common seizure type studied was Generalised Tonic Clonic type. Neuroinfections were second common cause of seizure next to cerebrovascular accidents. Neuroinfections were less frequent in patients above 50 years of age.