Abstract

*Kushal Nandi, Dr. Dhrubo Jyoti Sen and Dr. Dhananjoy Saha

ABSTRACT

DNA vaccination is a technique for protecting against disease by injection with genetically engineered plasmid containing the DNA sequence encoding the antigen(s) against which an immune response is sought, so cells directly produce the antigen, causing a protective immunological response. DNA vaccines have theoretical advantages over conventional vaccines, including the ability to induce a wider range of immune response types. Several DNA vaccines have been tested for veterinary use. In some cases, protection from disease in animals has been obtained, in others not. As of August 2016, no DNA vaccines had been approved in the US for human use. Research is ongoing over the approach for viral, bacterial and parasitic diseases in humans, as well as for several cancers. An RNA vaccine or mRNA (messenger RNA) vaccine is a new type of vaccine for providing acquired immunity through an RNA containing vector, such as lipid nanoparticles.