Abstract

Bernaitis L., Vipin Unni P., Sumona Kundu, Revathi P. Shenoy* and H. Manjunatha Hande

ABSTRACT

Aim and objective: A retrospective study was undertaken to identify the various pathogens isolated from the urine samples and to determine the antibiotic resistance pattern of the major uropathogens causing UTI among patients attending Kasturba Hospital, Manipal. Materials and Methods: A total of 96 patients (40-60 years ) with UTI, from the period of April to may 2014 , urine samples were collected and examined for microscopic, Gram stain and culture techniques. Isolated microorganisms were identified using microscopically, morphological and biochemical tests. Antibiotic susceptibility tests were done on Mueller-Hinton agar by the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method as per Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute Guidelines. Results: The most common organism isolated was Escherichia coli 71 (74%)followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae 16(17%). The other organisms isolated were Pseudomonas 1 (2%), Beta-hemolytic streptococci 1 (2%), Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus 2(2%),Enterococcus 1 (1%),Enterobacter 1(1%) and Proteus 1 (1%). Escherichia coli was sensitive to Amikacin and most resistant to Ampicillin/Amoxicilli 81(84%cases were resistant).Klebsiella pneumonia has developed complete resistance to Ampicillin/Amoxicillin96(100%) group of drugs and sensitive to Amikacin.Among the first line drugs, Amikacin and Netilmicin are the most effective whereas the Penicillin group of drugs is the least effective.Imipenem is the most effective reserve drug and high level of resistance is seen against the third degree cephalosporins. Conclusion: The study presents a very dismal picture against all the drugs used in empirical therapy for UTI. Both the Penicillin group and the Cephalosporin group of drugs have developed significant resistance against them.The only oral antibiotic effective among the first line drugs is Cotrimoxazole.