Abstract

Prof. D. K. Awasthi*, Gyanendra Awasthi and Kritika Verma

ABSTRACT

Gold is a Block D, Period 6 element. It is a soft metal that is often alloyed to give it more strength. It is a good conductor of heat and electricity. It is a good reflector of infrared and is chemically inert. The versatile surface chemistry of gold nanoparticles allows them to be coated with small molecules, polymers, and biological recognition molecules, thereby extending their range of application. The morphology of gold nanoparticles is spherical, and they appear as a brown powder. Gold nanoparticles are versatile materials with a broad range of applications in a variety of fields. Researchers have coated gold particles with DNA and injected them into plant embryos or plant cells. This will ensure that some genetic material will enter the cells and transform them. This method enhances plant plastids. The targeted delivery of drugs is one of the most promising and actively developing directions in the medicinal use of GNPs. The options of using GNP conjugated with the following antitumor agents were proposed: paclitaxel, methotrexate, daunorubicine, hemcytabin, 6-mercaptopurine, dodecylcysteine, sulfonamide, 5-fluorouracil, platinum complexes, kahalalide, tamoxifen, herceptin, doxorubicin, prospidin etc. The conjugation was carried out either by simple physical adsorption of the drugs onto GNPs or via the use of alkanethiol linkers. The effect of conjugates was assessed both (chiefly) on in vitro models, using tumor cell cultures, and in vivo, in mice with induced tumors of different natures and localizations (Lewis lung carcinoma, pancreatic adenocarcinoma, etc.).