Abstract

Dr. Noreena Aslam*, Dr. Farah Mustafa, Dr. Anam Ghaffar and Dr. Shumaila Manzoor

ABSTRACT

Background: Among all the cancers affecting women today, breast cancer is the second commonest globally. Breast lumps are mostly benign but sometimes can be malignant. It is challenging for practitioners to determine if a breast lump is benign or malignant through clinical evaluation. The Triple Assessment criterion was developed to assist with the diagnosis, and it includes clinical examination, radiological approach i.e., mammography, and Cytopathology. Objective: The research aimed to analyze the histopathology of breast lumps. Patients and Methodology: This is a prospective study conducted at the Surgical Outpatient Department (OPD) and Pathology Department of Nishtar Medical University and Hospital Multan, for one year from February 2017 to February 2018. We randomly selected 105 patients presented with a breast lump to surgical OPD irrespective to their marital, occupational, educational, and social status. After taking informed consent, all patient underwent biopsy and sample sent to the Pathology department for histopathological evaluation. All biopsy smears were stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin stain. Results: A total of 105 breast tissue biopsy sample were collected, and histopathological examination was performed. Patient’s age ranges from 15-75 years. The research participants were all females with a mean age of 30.4±5.9. Women between the ages of 36 years and 45 years had the highest prevalence of breast lumps at 34.2%. 82 (78%) breast lump samples were benign, only 15 cases (14.2%) were malignant. Histopathology was used for definitive diagnosis, and the results obtained showed that the benign lumps had a diagnosis of fibroadenoma in 40 (38%) 10 (9.5%) cases of duct ectasia, 8 (7.6%) cases of breast abscess and 15 (14.2%) cases of fibrocystic disease. Among cancerous lesions, 9 (8.5%) were diagnosed with invasive ductal carcinoma, 1 (0.9%) invasive lobular carcinoma, and 1 (0.9%) medullary carcinoma. Conclusion: We concluded that the majority of the breast lumps were benign. Fibroadenoma was the most common histopathological finding in our study. Among malignant Invasive Ductal Carcinoma was common. Benign lesions were common between 30 to 40 years and malignant lesion between 40 to 50 years.