Abstract

Dr. Abdul Wahab Zia, Dr. Sheza Aslam and Dr. Saba Ishfaq*

ABSTRACT

Thyroid lesions/nodules may be non-neoplastic to neoplastic in nature. It is one of the most common endocrine disorder effecting general population. The pattern of thyroid disorders depend on various risk factors including sex, age, ethnic and geographical patterns. The objective of this study is to see the histopathological pattern of enlarged thyroid lesion in thyroidectomy specimens received after thyroid surgery in the pathology department at a tertiary care unit. It is retrospective study done at Pathology Department of CMH, Lahore. We collected past three years (from January 2016 to December 2018) Histopathological results of thyroid gland specimen sent for biopsy in pathology department. The biopsy results were reviewed and different lesions were characterized according to age groups, gender, neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions. We studied 455 patient’s file and biopsy reports of past three years from pathology department. In this data we concluded that 363 were females and 92 males. Male to female ratio was 1:3.9. We studied patient from the age of 25-65 years with mean age of 40.92+7.34. We resulted that there were 336 cases were non-neoplastic and 119 neoplastic. Multinodular goiter was the most common neoplastic lesion i.e. 263 (57.8%) followed by Hashimoto thyroiditis 24 (5.2%), Colloid Goiter 23 (23%), Benign cyst 20 (4.3%), lymphocytic thyroiditis 4 (0.08%) and Reidal Thyroiditis 2 (0.04%). Among neoplastic lesions Papillary carcinoma was found to be most common lesion i.e. 50 (10%) followed by Follicular adenoma 25 (5.4%), Follicular carcinoma 14 (3%), Lymphoma 13 (2.8%), Poorly differentiated carcinoma 8 (1.7%), Medullary 6 (1.3%) and Anaplastic carcinoma 3 (0.06%). Overall most common lesion among neoplastic and non-neoplastic combined was Multinodular goiter and least common was Reidal Thyroiditis. Non-neoplastic thyroid lesions were more common than neoplastic ones. Non-neoplastic MNG was the commonest lesion of the thyroid gland while papillary carcinoma was the most common malignant tumor of thyroid gland and Follicular adenoma was most common benign neoplastic lesion.