Abstract

*Dr. Asif Nazir Ch., Dr. Fawaz Nadeem, Dr. Muhammad Raza Zahid, Dr. Zehra Azher Jawa, Dr. Ayesha Gull, Dr. Tauseef Zahra and Professor Dr. Muhammad Usman Akhtar

ABSTRACT

Introduction: The face is an important aesthetic and functional unit of human body. The maxillofacial skeleton is susceptible to injury due to its prominent position. An understanding of maxillofacial trauma helps us to assess the pattern of trauma and to establish effective measures through which injuries can be prevented. Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the causes and pattern of clinical and radiographic presentation of maxillofacial fractures in patients presenting at three tertiary care institutions of Punjab province of Pakistan. Material and Methods: The study was carried out on 312 patients with 570 maxillofacial fractures reported at three tertiary care institutions of Punjab province of Pakistan i.e. Nishtar Institute of Dentistry, Multan, de’Montmorency College of Dentistry/Punjab Dental Hospital, Lahore and Rashid Latif Medical and Dental College, Lahore in time period of two years from August, 2016 to July 2018. Result: Road traffic accidents (RTAs) were the most common etiology accounting for 71.15% whereas falls were second (18.3%). The mandible was the most frequently fractured bone (64.21%) followed by zygomatic bone (16.84%). A male to female ratio of 12:1 was recorded and patients with age range of 21-30 years were mostly affected (37.5%). Conclusion: This study revealed the high predilection of male as compared to female. Also the main cause of the fractures was found to be road traffic accident and mandibular fractures were the most common fractures with highest percentage.