Abstract

Dr. Hafiz Muhammad Adnan Akram, Dr. Muhammad Tahir Javed, Dr. Azka Mumtaz*

ABSTRACT

Kala pathar poisoning is an emerging way of poisoning in developing countries. This substance may produce lethal effects like life threatening angioedema, respiratory distress, rhabdomyolysis, acute renal failure and hepatic necrosis. The aim of this study was to elaborate the clinical profile of patients with Paraphenylene Diamine (Kala Pathar). Methodology: It is a Prospective study conducted at Sheikh Zayed hospital, Rahimyarkhan for 6 month of duration from January 2018 to June 2018. History, examination, investigation and treatment given all were recorded on a preformed proforma. Patients having age below 15 years or with pre-existing morbid conditions e.g. Cardiac, Renal and hepatic disorders were excluded from the study. Results: There were total 100 patients out of which 70 (70%) were females and 30 (30%) males. Mean age was 23.5±6.2 and mean duration of hospital stay was 12.5±4.5 days. 52 patients were in 15-25 years age group, 28 patients were in 26-35 years. 81 patients were from rural areas and 19 were from urban areas. Among these 100 patients mostly (55%) were from middle class family. 57 patients were illiterate, 25 had got primary education, and only 2 patients had graduation. Out of 100 patients, 62 (62%) patients were married. 88 patients had to undergo tracheostomy for survival. 12 patients needed mechanical ventilation and 17 patient needed few sessions of hemodialysis. Angioedema was present in 90%, muscle pain in 88%, vomiting in 80%, dyspnea in 90%, oro-facial edema in 90%, dark colored urine in 94%, oliguria in 13% and 7% patient presented with anuria. 72 patients were having raised TLC i.e. above 11 thousand, raised blood urea in 49 patients, raised serum creatinine in 38, raised CPK in 96 patients, raised CK-MB in 77, hyperkalemia was observed in 28 patients, deranged LFT’s in 31 patients, 17 patients were having pathological findings in X-ray chest and 69 patients were having changes in ECG. 91 (91%) patients survived and mortality rate in this study was 9%. Conclusion: Paraphenylene diamine (kala pathar) poisoning is emerging now a days due to easy availability and low cheap price. It is more common in poor, illiterate, married females of younger age group living in rural areas in our set-up. Aggressive treatment and tracheostomy can save life of patients.