World Journal of Pharmaceutical
and Medical Research

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An Official Publication of Society for Advance Healthcare Research (Reg. No. : 01/01/01/31674/16)
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Abstract

WATER QUALITY OF SURFACE WATER BODIES AND ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY PATTERN OF PSEUDOMONAS SPECIES IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA

Wilcox Inyingierfagha Moses, Obire Omokaro and Wemedo Samuel Amadi

ABSTRACT

The study was aimed at determining the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Pseudomonas species associatedwith surface water bodies in three selected rivers (Bonny, Mgboshimini and Ogbogoro) in Port HarcourtMetropolis, Rivers State. Thirty-six samples were collected from the rivers designated stations A, B, and Crespectively amid two seasons (Dry and raining) and analyzed for physico-chemical and microbiologicalcharacteristics using standard analytical procedures. Result obtained from physico-chemical analysis varied withinthe two seasons, the pH of the samples from the three different Stations during dry season ranged from 7.10 -7.20while that of rainy season was from 7.20 -9.10. Total suspended solids during dry season ranged from 32.70 –53.50mg/L showing significant variation from WHO Standard which is 30mg/L, total dissolved solids for rainyseason ranged from 640 -2800mg/L while Station A had the highest value of 2110mg/L for Total dissolved solidsduring dry season these were all significantly high in comparison with WHO standard. The mean totalheterotrophic bacterial counts (CFU/ml) for the three stations during dry season were 5.04±0.001a, 4.97±0.001b and4.96±0.001b respectively, Station A was significantly different from Station B and C. While the total heterotrophicbacterial counts during rainy season were 4.97±0.001a, 4.89±0.001b and 4.97±0.001a with Station B significantlydifferent from Station A and C. The total Pseudomonad counts (CFU/ml) showed significant difference amongstthe stations during dry season with 3.97±0.10a, 3.85±0.10b and 4.14±0.10c respectively also total pseudomonadcount (CFU/ml) during rainy season showed significant difference (P < 0.05) within the stations, 2.43±0.001a,3.17±0.001b and 4.02±0.001c respectively. Similarly total coliform count ranged from 6MPN/100ml to11MPN/100ml and 11MPN/100ml to 21MPN/100ml for dry and raining season respectively. Ten genera ofbacteria isolates were identified: Alcaligenes (3.3%), Bacillus (3.9%), Escherichia coli (15.6%), Klebsiella (14%),Pseudomonas (12.7%), Salmonella (8.8%), Seratia (2.3%), Shigella (17.9%), Staphylococcus (4.2%) and Vibrio(17.3%). The result of antimicrobial analysis revealed that of the ten antibiotic used the Pseudomonad isolates weresusceptible to Amoxacillin (25%,), Gentamycin(22.9) and Amoxacillin (22.9%). The isolates were highly resistantto Augumentin (81.3%) and Streptomycin (64.6%). Isolate displayed site- difference in resistance andsusceptibility pattern. The need to monitor water quality and improve awareness of the risk to infections associatedwith Pseudomonas aeruginosa is essential. Adherence to appropriate antibiotic use should be encouraged tominimize the emergence of multidrug resistant bacteria.

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