Abstract

*Ch. Kranthi, *A. Sravani, Dr. G. Susmitha, Dr. V. Tejaswi, Dr. G. Ramesh, Dr. P. Srinivasa Babu

ABSTRACT

Venous thromboembolism is a blood clot that starts inside a vein. Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a major health and financial burden that affects the community. A common type of venous thromboembolism is a deep vein thrombosis (DVT), usually initiates in the calf area of the leg. If the thrombus breaks off (embolizes) and flows towards the lungs, it can become a pulmonary embolism (PE), a blood clot in the lungs. About 60–70% of patient with symptomatic VTE develop DVT. Pulmonary Embolism (PE) symptoms, such as new or worsening dyspnoea, chest pain, or sustained hypotension with no alternative causeoccur in about 30–40% of patients with VTE. Both acquired and hereditary factors play essential roles in development of VTE. Clinical features are nonspecific. The initial diagnostic step for determination of VTE is the clinical probability assessment. For suspected DVT, the Wells score has well-established criteria. To prevent thrombus extension, decrease of the risk of recurrent thrombosis and subsequent death in patient with VTE pharmacological and/or mechanical approaches can be administered. The initial treatment for venous thromboembolism is typically with either low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) or unfractionated heparin.